What about Jacob? He fought with his elder brother from the time he was still in his mother’s womb. When Jacob’s mother Rebecca was concerned about her two children struggling with one another in her womb, God spoke about these two children. He said, “Two nations are in your womb, and two peoples from within you shall be divided; the one shall be stronger than the other, the older shall serve the younger” (see Genesis 25:21-23). The twins were born in this way. A long time before this, when Adam ate the fruit of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, God said to the serpent, “he [the seed of the woman] shall bruise your head, and you shall bruise his heel” (Genesis 3:15). At the point in history when this was about to begin to become a reality, Jacob was born holding onto his brothers heel. He was a person who was to be blessed.
Let’s take a look also at Jacob’s life. He bought the birthright from his elder brother in return for a bowl of lentils. In the letter to the Hebrews it says in regard to this incident, “[See to it] that no one is sexually immoral or unholy like Esau, who sold his birthright for a single meal” (12:16), and in Genesis it says that “Esau despised his birthright” (25:34). Also, Jacob would appear to us to have deceived his father when he received the blessing of the firstborn. Because of this incident, Jacob was hated by his elder brother, so he went to Paddan-aram where his relatives lived. He spent almost twenty years there, during which time he had children, and then he returned once more to Canaan. This was a patriarch of Israel who truly lived a life of ups and downs.
There is much for us to learn from this image of Jacob. There is clearly something that God wanted through the life of Jacob. Jacob did not just live as he pleased. There is, of course, no one in this world who is perfect in God’s eyes, and Jacob also committed sins and made many mistakes.
Nevertheless, God clearly carried out the work He intended through the life of Jacob, in that He caused Jacob to have twelve sons. This was God’s aim in the life of the man called Jacob. Then through Joseph, the eleventh of those twelve sons, God brought the whole family down to Egypt.
Then what about when we come to the book of Exodus. About 350 years after this family went to Egypt, a king rose to power in Egypt who did not know Joseph. When he saw that the Israelites had many children and were increasing greatly in number, this king made them slaves. It was actually inevitable that the Israelites would increase in number since God had first said to Adam the progenitor of all mankind, “Be fruitful and multiply” (Genesis 1:28), and he had said this again later to Jacob (see Genesis 35:11).
So it was that the Israelites lived as slaves in Egypt working in mortar and brick and doing all kinds of work in the field (see Exodus 1:14). The Israelites had been raising livestock even before Jacob had received the land of Goshen from pharaoh as a gift. Even so, once they became slaves, they had to make bricks out of mud and bake them.
What is mud? Mud comes from the ground. The Bible says, “cursed is the ground because of you; in pain you shall eat of it all the days of your life” (Genesis 3:17). And what about baking bricks?
Bricks are built up one upon the other. Then when it comes to all kinds of work in the field, we might think of the story of Cain who was the farmer. As the Israelites were living in Egypt, they carried out work that was associated with the ground. Yet God did not say that they sinned in doing this. They were simply doing the work that had been given to them in the circumstances of the times in which they lived.
As I was reading through the first part of the book of Exodus, I really felt that the image of the Israelites presented there is very similar to the image of our lives in this world. We live in this world with the mission of spreading the gospel, yet outwardly it would seem that the work we do is not much different from the work carried out by the people of this world. Nevertheless, when we read carefully in the books of Exodus about the process by which God led the Israelites out of Egypt and in the books of Numbers and Deuteronomy about how the Israelites lived in the barren environment of the wilderness for forty years, we come to see that God was not only developing a strong character within this nation, but also hundreds of years earlier, from the time Joseph was sold into slavery in Egypt and even before that, God was already preparing everything they would need.
Through the Lives of Moses and David
As the Israelites were living as slaves under the oppression of Egypt in this way, a man by the name of Moses appeared. Moses was not just a great man who lived his life and then died. God clearly had a definite aim in mind as He was controlling the life of this man, and He had everything planned all the way through to the fulfilment of that aim.
In order to limit the growth in the population of the Israelites, pharaoh king of Egypt summon
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